香菇自然群體中個體間的空間分布及其遺傳聯系

代江紅　 林芳燦

摘　要：應用體細胞不親和性反應、交配型因子分析和基因組DNA的RAPD分析，研究了一個分布于方圓約1km的6根倒木上的18個香菇野生菌株間的遺傳差異。結果表明，該群體大多數菌株間配對（80.4%）體細胞不親和，而同一倒木菌株間配對的體細胞親和率達62.5%。不同倒木菌株間未發現體細胞親和的配對。該群體存在11個特異的A因子和7個特異的B因子。同一倒木的菌株有的交配型因子相同，有的則不同。不同倒木的菌株大多數交配型因子不同，未發現交配型因子完全相同的菌株。RAPD分析顯示，體細胞親和的菌株，交配型因子完全相同的菌株，在基于DNA相似系數的遺傳相關聚類中，首先聚為小類。總起來看，在自然群體中，香菇個體間的遺傳差異與其空間分布之間存在一定的聯系，隨著空間距離的增大，菌株間的異質性相應增高。

關鍵詞：香菇,遺傳差異, 個體, 體細胞不親和性, 交配型分析, RAPD分析

分類號：Q939.96　文獻標識碼：A

文章編號：1007-3515（2001）01-00100-0106

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND GENETIC RELATIONSHIPS AMONG INDIVIDUALS IN A NATURAL POPULATION OF LENTINULA EDODES

DAI Jiang-Hong（The Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070）　

LIN Fang-Can（The Institute of Applied Mycology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070）　

Abstract：Genetic differences of 18 wild strains of Lentinula edodes isolated from fruiting bodies on 6 logs located in a about 1km2 area were examined through study of their somatic incompatibility interaction, analysis of mating type factors and RAPD analysis of genomic DNA. The results indicated that most pairs (80.4%)from the population were somatically incompatible and 62.5% of pairs among isolates from the same logs were compatible. Somatically compatible isolates from different logs were not observed. There are 11 distinct A factors and 7 distinct B factors in the population. The mating type factors of some isolates from the same logs were alike and those of others were different. Most isolates from different logs were shown to possess distinct mating type factors, and isolates having identical mating type factors were not found. RAPD analysis indicated that somatically compatible strains and strains having identical mating type factors were classified into a group firstly in a cluster dendrogram based on DNA similarity coefficient. In sum, it can be seen that a certain relationship exists between genetic difference and spatial distribution among individuals in a natural population of Lentinula edodes. Their heterogeneity could be raised accordingly along with increasing of spatial distance among strains.

Keywords：Lentinula edodes,individuals, genetic difference, somatic incompatibility, mating type analysis, RAPD analysis.

基金項目：國家自然科學基金（39770015）資助

作者單位：代江紅（華中農業大學應用真菌研究所 武漢 430070）　

　　　　　林芳燦（華中農業大學應用真菌研究所 武漢 430070）　

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